Great General Sudirman Army posthumously (Spelling Soewandi: Sudirman) (born in Bodas Karangjati, Purbalingga, Central Java, January 24, 1916 - died in Magelang, Central Java, January 29, 1950 at the age of 34 years) is an Indonesian national hero who fought on the Indonesian National Revolution. In the history of the struggle of the Republic of Indonesia, he is recorded as the Commander General of the RI and the first and youngest. At age 31 years Soedirman he has become a general. Though suffering from lung tuberculosis are severe, he remains a guerrilla in the war of independence defense. In 1950 he died of tuberculosis and was buried at the Heroes Cemetery in Semaki State Kusuma, Yogyakarta.
Family background
Sudirman was raised in a humble family environment. His father, Karsid Kartowirodji, is a worker at Sugar Mill Kalibagor, Banyumas, and his mother, Siyem, Apex Wedana adalan descent. Sudirman since the age of 8 months was appointed as a child by R. Tjokrosoenaryo, an assistant Wedana Apex which is still a brother of Siyem.
Education
Sudirman obtain a formal education from the School Student Park. Then he went to the wisdom (school teachers), Muhammadiyah, Surakarta, but not until graduation. Sudirman was also active in the Boy Scouts organization Hizbul Wathan. After that he became a teacher at the school in Cilacap HIS Muhammadiyah.
Military career
When the Japanese occupation, he joined the army of Defenders of the Fatherland (PETA) in Bogor under Japanese military training. [1] After completing his education at PETA, he became a battalion commander in the Tract, Central Java. Later he became Commander of the Division V / Banyumas after TKR is formed, and eventually was elected as Commander of the Indonesian Armed Forces (Commander of TKR).
Sudirman known by those around him with his private firm on principle and conviction, which he always puts the interests of community and nation above personal interests, even his own health. Personal written in a book by Tjokropranolo bodyguard during the guerrilla, as one who is always consistent and consistent in defending the interests of the homeland, nation, and country. [2]
During the Japanese occupation of this, Sudirman was a member of the Management Board and a member of the People's Food House of Representatives Residency Banyumas. In this time he founded the cooperative to help the people of the danger of starvation.
Post-independence Indonesia
After the end of World War II, Japanese forces surrendered unconditionally to Allied forces and Sukarno declared Indonesia's independence. Sudirman got his first achievements as a soldier after the success of Japanese troops seize weapons in battle in Banyumas, Central Java. PETA Soedirman organize his battalion into a regiment based in Banyumas, to become the army of the Republic of Indonesia, which subsequently played a major role in the war Indonesian National Revolution.
After the People's Security Army (TKR) was formed, he was subsequently appointed as Commander of Division V / Banyumas with the rank of Colonel. And through a TKR Conference November 12, 1945, Sudirman was elected as Commander in Chief TKR / Commander of the Armed Forces. Later he began to suffer from tuberculosis, although he subsequently remained directly involved in some guerrilla warfare campaign against the Dutch Colonial Army troops.
Role of the Indonesian National Revolution
The Allied victory over Japan in World War II brought the Dutch troops to come back to the islands of the Netherlands East Indies (now the Republic of Indonesia), their former colonies who have declared for independence. After the surrender of Japanese troops, Allied forces came to Indonesia with an excuse to disarm the Japanese army. Apparently allied forces came together with the Dutch Colonial Army soldiers who want to take back to Indonesia as a colony. Knowing this, TKR was involved in many battles with the allies.
The first great war is a war led by Sudirman Ambarawa Theater Colonial Army against the British and Dutch that lasted from November to December 1945. [3] In December 1945, forces led by Sudirman TKR involved battles against British troops in Ambarawa. And on December 12, 1945, Sudirman launched simultaneous attacks against all British position in Ambarawa. Famous battle that lasted for five days ending with the withdrawal of British troops to Semarang. The war ended on December 16, 1945. [4]
After the victory in Theater Ambarawa Soedirman, on December 18, 1945 he was appointed as General by President Sukarno. Sudirman obtained the rank of General of the Military Academy does not go through the system or other higher education, but because of his performance.
Role in the Dutch Military Aggression II
When the Dutch Military Aggression II, moved the capital of the Republic of Indonesia in Yogyakarta, because Jakarta is already occupied by Dutch troops. Sudirman Yogyakarta led the army to defend from attacks by the Dutch II dated December 19, 1948 is. In opposition, the Soedirman already in a state of very weak because she suffered tuberculosis for a long time. Nevertheless he joined the plunge into battle with his army in a state ditandu, directing the troops to remain to take the fight against Dutch troops in a guerrilla.
Sickness sustained while in Yogyakarta Soedirman getting worse. His lungs are functioning is only one illness. Yogyakarta was then controlled by the Dutch, although the time occupied by the Indonesian military after the attacks of General March 1, 1949. At that time, President Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta and several cabinet members were also arrested by Dutch troops. Because of the precarious situation, with ditandu Soedirman departed with his troops and return to guerrilla warfare. He moved around during the seven months from one forest to another forest, and from mountain to mountain in a state of sick and weak and in a condition almost without medical care and treatment. Although still want to lead the resistance, finally Soedirman home from the guerrilla campaign because his health condition is not allowed to lead the Armed Forces directly. After that Soedirman only become planners behind the scenes figure in the guerrilla campaign against the Dutch.
After the Dutch surrender as the Republic of Indonesia archipelago States in the 1949 Round Table Conference in The Hague, General Sudirman return to Jakarta with President Sukarno and Vice President Mohammad Hatta.
Death
At the date January 29, 1950, General Sudirman died in Magelang, Central Java because of illness he suffered severe tuberculosis. He is buried at the Heroes Cemetery in Semaki State Kusuma, Yogyakarta. He was crowned as the Hero of Freedom Defenders. In 1997 he earned a General Large posthumously with five stars, the rank held by only a few generals in Indonesia until now.
Family background
Sudirman was raised in a humble family environment. His father, Karsid Kartowirodji, is a worker at Sugar Mill Kalibagor, Banyumas, and his mother, Siyem, Apex Wedana adalan descent. Sudirman since the age of 8 months was appointed as a child by R. Tjokrosoenaryo, an assistant Wedana Apex which is still a brother of Siyem.
Education
Sudirman obtain a formal education from the School Student Park. Then he went to the wisdom (school teachers), Muhammadiyah, Surakarta, but not until graduation. Sudirman was also active in the Boy Scouts organization Hizbul Wathan. After that he became a teacher at the school in Cilacap HIS Muhammadiyah.
Military career
When the Japanese occupation, he joined the army of Defenders of the Fatherland (PETA) in Bogor under Japanese military training. [1] After completing his education at PETA, he became a battalion commander in the Tract, Central Java. Later he became Commander of the Division V / Banyumas after TKR is formed, and eventually was elected as Commander of the Indonesian Armed Forces (Commander of TKR).
Sudirman known by those around him with his private firm on principle and conviction, which he always puts the interests of community and nation above personal interests, even his own health. Personal written in a book by Tjokropranolo bodyguard during the guerrilla, as one who is always consistent and consistent in defending the interests of the homeland, nation, and country. [2]
During the Japanese occupation of this, Sudirman was a member of the Management Board and a member of the People's Food House of Representatives Residency Banyumas. In this time he founded the cooperative to help the people of the danger of starvation.
Post-independence Indonesia
After the end of World War II, Japanese forces surrendered unconditionally to Allied forces and Sukarno declared Indonesia's independence. Sudirman got his first achievements as a soldier after the success of Japanese troops seize weapons in battle in Banyumas, Central Java. PETA Soedirman organize his battalion into a regiment based in Banyumas, to become the army of the Republic of Indonesia, which subsequently played a major role in the war Indonesian National Revolution.
After the People's Security Army (TKR) was formed, he was subsequently appointed as Commander of Division V / Banyumas with the rank of Colonel. And through a TKR Conference November 12, 1945, Sudirman was elected as Commander in Chief TKR / Commander of the Armed Forces. Later he began to suffer from tuberculosis, although he subsequently remained directly involved in some guerrilla warfare campaign against the Dutch Colonial Army troops.
Role of the Indonesian National Revolution
The Allied victory over Japan in World War II brought the Dutch troops to come back to the islands of the Netherlands East Indies (now the Republic of Indonesia), their former colonies who have declared for independence. After the surrender of Japanese troops, Allied forces came to Indonesia with an excuse to disarm the Japanese army. Apparently allied forces came together with the Dutch Colonial Army soldiers who want to take back to Indonesia as a colony. Knowing this, TKR was involved in many battles with the allies.
The first great war is a war led by Sudirman Ambarawa Theater Colonial Army against the British and Dutch that lasted from November to December 1945. [3] In December 1945, forces led by Sudirman TKR involved battles against British troops in Ambarawa. And on December 12, 1945, Sudirman launched simultaneous attacks against all British position in Ambarawa. Famous battle that lasted for five days ending with the withdrawal of British troops to Semarang. The war ended on December 16, 1945. [4]
After the victory in Theater Ambarawa Soedirman, on December 18, 1945 he was appointed as General by President Sukarno. Sudirman obtained the rank of General of the Military Academy does not go through the system or other higher education, but because of his performance.
Role in the Dutch Military Aggression II
When the Dutch Military Aggression II, moved the capital of the Republic of Indonesia in Yogyakarta, because Jakarta is already occupied by Dutch troops. Sudirman Yogyakarta led the army to defend from attacks by the Dutch II dated December 19, 1948 is. In opposition, the Soedirman already in a state of very weak because she suffered tuberculosis for a long time. Nevertheless he joined the plunge into battle with his army in a state ditandu, directing the troops to remain to take the fight against Dutch troops in a guerrilla.
Sickness sustained while in Yogyakarta Soedirman getting worse. His lungs are functioning is only one illness. Yogyakarta was then controlled by the Dutch, although the time occupied by the Indonesian military after the attacks of General March 1, 1949. At that time, President Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta and several cabinet members were also arrested by Dutch troops. Because of the precarious situation, with ditandu Soedirman departed with his troops and return to guerrilla warfare. He moved around during the seven months from one forest to another forest, and from mountain to mountain in a state of sick and weak and in a condition almost without medical care and treatment. Although still want to lead the resistance, finally Soedirman home from the guerrilla campaign because his health condition is not allowed to lead the Armed Forces directly. After that Soedirman only become planners behind the scenes figure in the guerrilla campaign against the Dutch.
After the Dutch surrender as the Republic of Indonesia archipelago States in the 1949 Round Table Conference in The Hague, General Sudirman return to Jakarta with President Sukarno and Vice President Mohammad Hatta.
Death
At the date January 29, 1950, General Sudirman died in Magelang, Central Java because of illness he suffered severe tuberculosis. He is buried at the Heroes Cemetery in Semaki State Kusuma, Yogyakarta. He was crowned as the Hero of Freedom Defenders. In 1997 he earned a General Large posthumously with five stars, the rank held by only a few generals in Indonesia until now.